134例药品不良反应报告回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of 134 cases of adverse drug reactions

目的:了解我院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及临床表现,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:利用Excel电子表格对我院2009–2011年收集上报的134例ADR报告中患者的性别、年龄、过敏史、ADR严重程度、给药途径以及引起ADR药物的类别、ADR累及器官或系统、ADR的转归等进行统计分析。结果:134例ADR报告中,男性71例(52.99%),女性63例(47.01%);年龄最小16 d,最大96岁,年龄分布无差异性;以静脉滴注方式给药的ADR例次较高(119例);所涉及的药品中抗菌药物引起ADR例次较高(35例),其次是中药注射剂(33例);ADR临床表现以全身损害为主(38.01%),其次为皮肤及附件损害(21.27%);严重的ADR共5例(3.73%)。结论:应重视抗菌药物及中药注射剂的规范用药,尽量避免静脉用药。

Objective： To investigate the characteristic and clinical manifestation of adverse drug reactions （ADRs） in our hospital, and provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. Methods： The data were extracted from 134 cases of ADR reports in our hospital since 2009 to 2011 by excel spreadsheet, and analyzed in respect of the gender and age of patients, allergy history, severity of ADR, routes of administration, categories of ADR-inducing drugs, organs or systems involved in ADRs, consequence and prognosis, etc. Results： Among the 134 ADR cases, 71 cases （52.99%） were male and 63 cases （47.01%） were female, the youngest patient was 18 days and the eldest was 96 years old, there was no difference in age distribution. The occurrence of ADRs caused by intravenous administration were the highest （119 cases）; and most ADRs were caused by antibacterial drugs （35 cases） and followed by traditional Chinese medicine for injection （33 cases）. The systemic damages （38.01%） were the most common clinical manifestations of ADRs, followed by lesions of skin and its appendants （21.27%）; there were 5 serious ADRs （3.73%）. Conclusion： More attention should be paid to standarding medication of antibacterial drugs and traditional Chinese medicine for injection and avoiding intravenous administration as far as possible.