赫尔岑早期作品中的思想家主人公与俄国生活

The Thinker Heroes and the Russian Life in Herzen's Early Works

思想家主人公是俄罗斯文学的核心现象之一。赫尔岑本人就是俄国历史上最伟大思想家之一,其早期作品《谁之罪?》对俄国一系列社会问题进行深刻反思。作者通过思想家主人公表达自己对待俄国现实的态度和判断。在出身、教育、性格等方面,主人公们与周围环境格格不入,甚至因为自己的思想而遭到周围人的痛恨。他们不为社会所需要,其命运类似于俄罗斯文学中另外一类主人公,即"多余人",后者是思想家主人公的一个表现形式。

＂Thinker hero＂ is one of the core phenomena in Russian literature. Herzen himself was one of the greatest thinkers in the Russian history. His work Who is to Blame？makes profound reflections on a series of social problems in Russia. He expresses his own attitude towards and his judgment of the Russian reality through the thinker heroes, who are incongruous with the environment in birth, education, character, etc. and are even utterly detested by people around them because of their ideas. They are not needed by the society and are similar to another type of heroes in Russian literature, i.e. ＂superfluous man＂, a manifestation of thinker hero.