非铬系乙烯三聚催化剂的研究进展

Research progress in non-chromium catalysts for ethylene trimerization

根据催化剂活性中心金属元素的不同,综述了锆系、钒系、钽系、钛系和镍系五类非铬系乙烯三聚催化剂的研究情况,介绍了催化剂的结构特征、催化乙烯三聚的反应机理、反应特点等。比较了配体结构、反应温度、反应压力、助催化剂用量等因素对催化剂活性、1-己烯选择性的影响。其中,尤以钛系催化剂最为突出,不仅活性高,对1-己烯的选择性也高,但甲基铝氧烷的用量大是该体系的一个弱点。

This paper reviewed the studies on five types of non-chromium catalysts for ethylene trimerisation, including zirconium, vanadium, tantalum, titanium and nickel based catalysts in the light of the variety of the metallic elements in active center of the catalysts. The structural character of these catalysts, catalytic mechanism and reaction feature of ethylene trimerization in the presence of the catalysts were introduced. The effects of ligand structure, reaction temperature, pressure, cocatalyst amount on activity and selectivity towards 1-hexene of the catalysts were compared. The titanium-based catalyst exhibits outstanding behavior among the catalysts for its excellent selectivity towards 1-hexene as well as high activity; however, a very large consumption of methylaluminoxane as its cocatalyst is considered as a shortcoming of the catalytic system