相变储能微/纳米胶囊的制备及其在建筑中的应用研究进展

Preparation of micro/nano encapsulated phase change materials(PCM) and application to building

相变储能微/纳米胶囊在能源科学等领域发挥着日益重要的作用。本文系统介绍了相变微/纳米胶囊的制备方法,其中,相变储能微胶囊的制备方法主要包括界面聚合法、原位聚合法、凝聚法、悬浮聚合法等;相变储能纳米胶囊的制备方法主要包括细乳液聚合法和原位聚合法。着重阐述了相变储能微/纳米胶囊在现在建筑中的应用,主要是在混凝土、墙体、墙板及地板中的应用。提出目前存在的问题,如相变储能墙体在夏天高温时无法完成相变过程,及相应的解决方法。指出未来将以合成工艺优化、强化胶囊理化性能和改善与无机建筑材料相容为重点研究方向。

Micro/nano encapsulated PCM has played an increasingly important role in energy science and other fields.In this paper,preparation of micro/nano encapsulated PCM is reviewed.Preparation methods of micro encapsulated PCM（MEPCM） mainly include interfacial polymerization,in situ polymerization,coacervation suspension polymerization etc.Preparation methods of nano encapsulated PCM（NEPCM） mainly include miniemulsion polymerization and in situ polymerization.Applications of micro/nano encapsulated PCM in modern buildings,such as concrete,wall,wallboard and floor board are described.Present existing problems and the corresponding solutions in the use of micro/nano encapsulated PCM are discussed,such as PCM could not complete full phase change cycles at a high temperature in summer.The future key research directions could be optimizing the synthesis process,strengthening the physicochemical properties of the capsule,and improving its compatibility with inorganic building materials.