细胞骨架参与乙酰胆碱诱导的气孔开放(英文)

Stomatal Opening Induced by Acetylcholine Is Associated with Cytoskeletal Components

动物系统中 ,乙酰胆碱 (Ach)是胆碱能系统中的主要成分 ,近些年的研究表明高等植物体内均有Ach、胆碱乙酰基转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶 ,以及乙酰胆碱受体的存在。这些物质调节着生命过程中的许多重要过程 ,如气孔运动等。以前的研究表明微管、微丝参与了气孔的运动。本文研究了Ach调控的气孔开放是否与微管、微丝的结构相关联。结果表明Ach可以在KCl溶液和无KCl溶液中诱导气孔开放 ;同时Ach还能在无KCl溶液中促进保卫细胞原生质体的膨胀。然而 ,当用微丝聚合特异性抑制剂细胞松弛素B ,或者植物微管聚合特异性抑制剂甘草膦(oryzalin)预处理蚕豆 (ViciafabaL .)叶片下表皮或者蚕豆叶片保卫细胞原生质体后 ,Ach诱导的气孔开放以及原生质体膨胀均受到不同程度的抑制 ,即微管、微丝结构的破坏将影响Ach诱导的气孔开放以及原生质体膨胀。首次表明Ach诱导的气孔开放与微管、微丝的动态结构相关联。

Acetylcholine (Ach) is a key component of animal cholinergic system. Recent experiments demonstrated that Ach, choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase and Ach receptors are present in all parts of plants and have many functions, including inducing stomatal movement. The authors' previous work has evidenced that microtubules and microfilaments are involved in regulating both stomatal closing and opening. The present investigation is to determine whether stomatal opening induced by Ach is associated with microtubules and microfilaments. The results showed that Ach could induce stomatal opening of Vicia faba L. with or without addition of KCl in the dark. Ach also stimulated protoplast swelling in a K +_free solution in the dark. However, the induction was partially suppressed when the strips and protoplasts were pretreated with either cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of F_actin polymerization, or oryzalin, an inhibitor of plant microtubule polymerization. Thus, our data suggest for the first time that stomatal opening induced by Ach is associated with the dynamics of microtubules and microfilaments.