生物反馈疗法对大学生考试焦虑的治疗作用

An Experimental Study of Biofeedback Therapy on Intervention for Test Anxiety of University Students

探讨生物反馈疗法对大学生考试焦虑的治疗作用。在某大学随机抽取学生1500名,采用考试焦虑量表进行筛查,选取焦虑组和对照组各30名。利用生物反馈疗法进行干预,采用脑电α波相对功率、肌电和皮电导联进行检测,每周2次,持续4周。结果表明:1.经过4周的干预,焦虑组干预前后各生理指标存在差异;2.生物反馈疗法干预考试焦虑在疗效上存在性别差异。结论:生物反馈疗法能有效降低大学生考试焦虑水平,对其治疗取得良好的效果。

Test anxiety,a type of psychological stress in time of emergency,is currently widely spread among university students.Negative emotions,such as stress,anxiety and fear prior to or during the examination,can cause psychological changes of unease and fast heart beat and sped-up breath,sweaty body,etc.This type of anxiety not only affects exam results,but also plays a role in health hazard to candidates physically and mentally（problems with immune function,cognitive ability,emotional states,etc.）.Through the adoption of a multi-function biofeedback therapy,the study researched into the intervention to reduce severe college students＇test anxiety. The examiners detected the candidates＇ physiological indicators including the relative power of alpha waves of EEG（α%relative power, referred to as alpha%）,EMG（electromyography） and galvanic skin（skin conductance）.The study has been conducted to explore the effects that the biofeedback therapy has on the intervention for test anxiety in university students.The examiners randomly selected 1,500 students in a comprehensive university and used the Test Anxiety Scale（TAS） for evaluation.According to the survey results, the students were divided into two groups;the anxiety group（n = 30）,in which the students experienced anxiety in the text,and the control group（n = 30）,which included people who did not experience anxiety.Both the anxiety group and the control group received 40-minute-biofeedback intervention twice a week for four weeks.The physiological indicators,including EEG relative power a wave, EMG and SC,were detected altogether.There are three aspects that have been concluded.First,after four weeks of continuous treatment, the anxiety group received before and after interventionαwave EEG relative power,electromyography,and skin conductance had differences.Second,the students of anxiety group before and after treatment on the physiological significance also had differences. Third,biofeedback therapy for test anxiety was different between different sex;and the girls were superior to boys.The study has succeeded in providing conclusive findings;according to the paper,the biofeedback therapy can effectively reduce university students＇ level of test anxiety.