贵州省安龙县地质灾害发育特征及成因分析

Development Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Geological Disasters in Anlong County,Guizhou Province

安龙县位于贵州省西南部,地处扬子陆块与右江造山带的过渡地带。该县境内山地、丘陵地貌发育,地形切割较强烈,地质构造、地层岩性复杂。在自然因素、人为因素的作用下,引发了多种地质灾害,使区内生态地质环境遭受严重破坏,给工农业生产和人民生命财产带来较大的损失和严重危害。本文分析研究了因降雨为主引发的滑坡、崩塌,因岩溶充水矿床疏排地下水所引起的岩溶塌陷,因矿山企业采矿形成的采空区为主引发的采空塌陷等地质灾害发育特征及成因分析。地质环境是一个复杂多变的、不稳定的开放系统,其变化就构成了地质灾害形成与发展的基础与条件。地质灾害的发育、分布、致灾程度与地质环境中的地形地貌、地质构造、岩土体地质类型、水文地质条件等因素及人类工程活动强度有着密切的关系。并针对存在的地质灾害隐患提出防治措施及建议。

Anlong County is located in the transition zone between the Yangtze block and the Youjiang orogenic belt in the southwest of Guizhou Province.There are many mountains and hills,with strong terrain cuttings and complex geological structures and stratum lithology.Under the influence of natural and artificial factors,many kinds of geological hazards occur,thus the eco-geological environment of this region has been severely damaged and bigger losses and serious damage have been brought to the industrial and agricultural production and people＇s life and property.This paper will focus on the development characteristics and genetic analysis of landslides and collapses caused by rainfall,karst collapse caused by groundwater bursting and drainage,mining collapse caused mainly by mined-out area.Geological environment is a kind of complex and changeable,not steady open system and thus this kind of change forms the foundation of geological disasters,formation and development.The development,distribution,and intensity of geological disasters have close relations with topography and geomorphology,geological structure,rock and soil types,hydrogeological conditions and other factors and human engineering activities.In view of the existing geological disasters,the paper furthermore puts forward some effective measures to prevent geological disasters,as well as some valuable suggestions.