柳州市青少年吸烟、饮酒和药物成瘾流行病学现状和影响因素分析

Analysis on epidemic status and influencing factors of smoking, drinking and drug addiction among adolescents in Liuzhou

目的了解柳州市青少年吸烟、饮酒和成瘾药物滥用行为流行状况及社会心理影响因素。方法以分层整群抽样方法选取3 720名城市大中学生进行问卷调查。结果青少年现在饮酒率(33.15%)远高于现在吸烟率(13.58%),重度饮酒率(15.19%)与现在吸烟率接近,成瘾药物滥用率为1.85%,3种行为有共存现象。男生、成绩差、职业高中、学段高的学生吸烟和饮酒行为危险度高。焦虑是吸烟和成瘾药物滥用的危险因素,抑郁是吸烟和饮酒的危险因素,孤独感、学习压力感分别是饮酒和成瘾药物滥用的危险因素。结论应积极采取措施从提高心理社会功能入手对3种物质成瘾行为进行综合干预。

Objective To understand the epidemic status and social psychology influencing factors of smoking,drinking and habitforming drug abuse among adolescents.Method Total of 3 720 students from middle schools,high schools and universities in Liuzhou were selected by stratified cluster sampling method and carried out questionnaire.Results The prevalence rate of alcohol consumption was 13.58%,it was higher than smoking rate（13.58%） among the students,the prevalence rate of heavy drinking was 15.19%.Habitforming drug abuse rate was 1.85%.The risk behaviors of smoking and drinking were males,poor achievement,vocational high school,upperclassman students.Anxiety was the risk factor of smoking and drug addiction,depression was the factor of drinking and smoking,and loneliness and studying pressure were the risk factors of alcohol consumption and drug addictionabuse.Conclusions It needs to adopt a measure to improve the students＇ psychosocial function,and take compositive measures to control the three material addictive behaviors.