西南高原生态区玉米地方种质表型多样性分析

Phenotypic Diversity of Maize Germplasm from Southwest Plateau Ecological Regions in China

采用完全随机试验设计,研究了76份西南高原生态区玉米地方种质的农艺性状遗传多样性,并进行聚类分析。结果表明,供试材料的株高、穗位高、叶片数、生育期、穗长、穗粗、百粒重、穗行数、行粒数和穗粒质量等性状具有较高的遗传多样性,Shannon-Weaver指数为1.74～2.07。根据欧式距离,按类平均法进行系统聚类,结果将76份地方种质划分为4个类群,分别为黄色角质硬粒型、白色角质马齿形、白色蜡质马齿形和白色半角质马齿形品种。以上研究表明,西南生态区玉米地方种质资源具有丰富的遗传变异,因此有较高的保护和利用潜力。

In this paper,completely randomized experimental design was applied to study the agronomic genetic diversity of 76 maize germplasms from Southwest plateau ecological zones,and cluster analysis was also conducted.The results showed that the plant height,ear height,leaf number,growth period,ear length,ear diameter,kernel weight,rows per ear,grains per row and grain weight of 76 landraces had high genetic diversity,and Shannon-Weaver index varied between 1.74 and 2.07.According to Euclidean distance,revealed by the system clustering analysis,the 76 maize gerplasms were divided into 4 groups,including yellow horny flints,white horny dents,white wax dents and white half-horny dents.This study shows that the maize germplasms from Southwest plateau in China have a wealth of genetic variation,with high protection and utilization potentials.