坐姿下人体振动特性建模及实验分析

Biomechanical model of seated human body exposed to vertical vibration

为客观评价垂直振动条件下人体生物力学响应,依据多体动力学原理建立了七自由度无靠背坐姿下人体振动模型。根据不同频率下人体振动实验数据,采用最小二乘参数识别法以及加权计算得到人体动力学参数,根据识别出的参数进行人体振动特性分析,得到了特定频率下人体头部振动加速度响应特性。应用近红外光谱法无创检测脑部组织血氧参量,分析了不同频率下血氧参数变化。实验结果表明:该模型有较高的预测精度,可为动态环境下人机界面设计提供重要参考,对于客观评价人体坐姿舒适性,提高汽车人机界面设计宜人性有指导意义。

A 7 DOF （degree-of-freedom） biomechanical model of human on a seat without backrest based on multi- body dynamics theory was developed to predict the biodynamic responses of the seated human body in vertical vibration conditions. The parameters of the model were estimated to satisfy the STH （seat-to-head transmissibility） characteristic defined by a synthesis of published data for seated subjects without backrest support. The parameter identification tech- nique involves the solution of a multivariable optimization function and comprises the sum of squared magnitude and phase errors associated with the seat-to-head transmissibility target values. The cerebral oxygenation was detected by NIRS to verify the accuracy of the studied model. The results showed that the proposed model could improve the vehicle seating system designs.