以CPTED理论构筑校园被害预防体系

Using CPTED Theory to Construct Campus Victim Prevention System

校园环境的安全度暨环境设计合理度是校园安全系数的重要指标之一。"防卫空间"思想或环境预防理论及实践性活动值得预防校园被害借鉴。校园环境的安全度取决于适当监控、环境维护、和谐人性化文化。校园作为一个相对封闭的空间,杜绝外来不安全因素是第一位,而这依赖于有效的安全监控,主要通过照明设施、电子安全监控、校园进出口监控、校园安保巡逻和校园卡等予以实现;破窗理论认为优美而安全的校园环境有助于预防校园被害,这涉及围墙、门窗、路灯照明、绿化和功能区的合理设计;"邻里守望"是CPTED的一个重要思想,和谐校园需要一个人性化环境,提倡友爱互助、相互关照。校园环境仅是预防校园被害的一个环节,不能以牺牲自由、隐私和社会开放化为前提。

The reasonable range of campus environmental design is a very important factor that determines the campus safety. ＂Defensible Space＂ CPTED） provides us with a good theoretical basis and has pointed out the overall direction of campus environment design. The safety degree of campus environment depends on proper monitoring, environmental maintenance and harmonious humane campus culture. The campus is a relatively closed space, So it is of priority to exclude the outside dangerous factors that almost relies on effective campus security monitoring which contains as follows： campus lighting, campus electronic security monitoring, campus import and export control, campus security patrol and campus function zone. According to the ＂broken widow theory＂, a beautiful and safe campus environment helps to prevent campus victim, which involves the campus walls, the rational design of campus doors and windows, street lighting and greening.＂ The Neighborhood Watch＂ is an important idea of CPTED, harmonious and safe campus needs a humane environment full of inmate friendship and mutual assistance and care. And respect of freedom and privacy as well as open to society is the premise of CPTED on campus victim prevention.