高等教育与社会流动的关系分析

Analysis of the Relationship between Higher Education and Social Mobility

高等教育兼具社会化功能和社会选择功能。随着高等教育从精英教育向大众教育的过渡和转型,高等教育的社会选择功能日渐重要。与此同时,市场转型、社会结构定形和竞争规则的公开透明,使得高等教育的等门槛效应和作为社会竞争的符号作用在上升,而农村学生透过高等教育实现向上流动的功能在减弱,城市社会的精英循环和地位再生产趋势在不断加强。高等教育推进农村大学生实现向上流动的功能弱化,间接也造成了高等教育社会化功能的衰退,从而使得大学问题日渐增多和复杂。

Higher education has the functions of both socialization and social selection.With the transition and transformation from elite education to mass education,the function of social selection of higher education has become more and more important.Meanwhile,market transformation,social structure form,and the open and transparent competition rules make threshold effects and the role of higher education as a symbol of social competition become more important.The function for rural students to achieve upward mobility through higher education is falling off.The trend of elite circulation and status reproduction has been continuously strengthened.The weakening function for rural students' upward mobility through higher education indirectly caused the decline of social functions of higher education,making the university issues become increasingly frequent and complex.