太赫兹可控功能器件的研究进展

Progress of terahertz active control functional devices

近年来太赫兹(THz)科学与技术的研究成为光学领域的研究热点,其在医学、通信和公共安全等领域具有深远的研究价值和重要的应用前景。但是THz波段功能器件尤其是可控功能器件匮乏,限制了太赫兹技术的进一步应用。表面等离激元光子学和奇异介质的出现有望改变这一局面,它能够在亚波长尺度对电磁波进行路由和操纵,有望成为下一代芯片技术的候选方案。首先介绍了基于表面等离体和奇异介质的可控太赫兹功能器件的物理机制,然后从电、磁、热、光四种主动控制手段来分别展示近年来太赫兹波段功能器件的研究进展,并从功能应用上对太赫兹功能器件进行了简单的分类总结,最后讨论了在应用中存在的问题和面临的挑战。

In recent years, the terahertz （THz） science and technology research has become the research focus in the field of optical, and has a profound research value and important application prospect in a wide range of disciplines, including Medical science, communication, public security and so on. But terahertz functional devices especially con- trollable functional devices are very scarce, which may give a limitation to the further applications of the terahertz technology. The appearance of surface plasmon and metamaterials is expected to change the situation. They can ma- nipulate electromagnetic wave in subwavelength scale, and are expected to become the candidate scheme of the next generation of chip technology. In this paper, the physical mechanism of terahertz functional device based on surface plasmon and metamaterials has been introduced fristly. Then it displays the latest research progress of them from elec- trical, magnetic, thermal, optical control four active control means, and summarizes terahertz functional devices from the functional applications simply. Finally, the difficulties and challenges of active control terahertz functional device in the future have been discussed.