贵州省纳雍县农村小学生卫生行为现状调查

The Current Situation Investigation of Health Behaviors of Pupils in Nayong County in Guizhou Province

目的:了解贵州农村小学生的卫生行为现状,为制定相对应的健康干预提供依据。方法:采取整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取贵州省纳雍县3所农村小学3～6年级12个班中519名小学生,采取自行设计的问卷调查农村小学生的卫生现状。结果:3～6年级小学生卫生行为形成率中饭前便后洗手、不随地吐痰、勤剪指甲、早晚刷牙、每3月换一次牙刷、不喝生水、水果洗后再吃的形成率分别为47.76%、69.56%、43.93%、71.68%、44.12%、42.77%、69.36%;被调查学校中无一所开展健康教育课程或宣教。结论:纳雍县农村小学生的卫生行为形成率较低,老师、家长及电视是农村小学生健康知识的主要来源,故应大力加强健康教育,尤其是学校对于健康知识的宣教。

Objective： To understand current situation of health behaviors of pupils in Guizhou province,and so as to provide evidence for establishment of relevant health intervention measures.Methods： Cluster random sampling method was employed,and grade 3~6 pupils in three rural primary schools of Nayong county were randomly selected.Self designed questionnaire was carried out to study the heath situation of rural primary school students in Guizhou province.Results： There were 519 pupils in 12 classes of three rural primary schools under investigation.The formation rates of washing hands before and after meals,no spitting,shearing nails frequently,brushing teeth every morning and night,changing toothbrush every 3 months,not drinking raw water and eating washed fruits were 47.76%,69.56%,43.93%,71.68%,44.12%,42.77% and 69.36% respectively.All the studied primary schools did not develop health education.Conclusions： The formation rates of health behaviors of rural pupils in Nayong county are low,and their health knowledge almost comes from teachers,parents and television.Health education should be strengthened in rural primary schools.