影响城市低保受助者就业的政策因素分析——就业的双项逻辑回归模型及访谈实证研究

The Policy Factors on the Employment of Urban Minimum Living Standard Assistance Recipients:An Empirical Study Combining Binominal Logistic Regression Model with Interviews

最低生活保障政策已实施近二十年,并成为保护绝对贫困家庭生活的安全网。然而,不少学者提出要实施积极的社会救助政策,以促进贫困家庭自力更生。就业是提供可持续生计和发展的主要途径,所以我国政府十分重视就业,并实施了《中华人民共和国就业促进法》。本次研究结合6个城市受访者的社会经济背景,加入就业促进政策的自变量,在进行了双项逻辑回归模型分析后发现,年轻、已婚、初中教育程度、劳动能力健全等因素对就业有正面影响;技能是低保受助者就业的关键;政策变量方面,职业培训是唯一有正面影响的因素。根据定量的数据和定性的访谈,本文提出了经实证的、有依据的政策建议。

China has implemented the Minimum Living Standard Assistance Policy for nearly two decades.Livelihood of families facing absolute poverty is protected by the government safety net.However,scholars advocate promoting recipients’ self-reliance by positive policies.Employment is an important constituent to provide sustainable livelihoods and development.Chinese government has implemented the Law on Promotion of Employment to encourage employment.With a representative sample from the study of 6 different areas of Minimum Living Standard Assistance recipients,the study used binominal logistic regression model to analyze the impacts of socio-economic status and relevant government policies.It identified that younger,married,secondary education,and healthier respondents are more likely to be employed.Vocational education as the only positive impact shows that labor skill is the crux of employment.Based on the results of both quantitative and qualitative study,the paper makes some solid recommendations for the related policies.