基于博弈论的知识链成本分摊研究

Cost Allocation Analysis in Knowledge Chain Based on Game Theory

首先提出应用只有3个参与者合作博弈的核仁的求解方法来对知识链的成本进行分摊的思想。通过对串-并联和并-串联结构的分析,指出提高知识链的稳定性,应采用并-串联式结构,从而为应用只有3个参与者的合作博弈进行成本分摊垫定基础。进而指出成本分摊的第一步,即先在"供应"、"生产"、"销售"3个环节上分配成本。然后重复应用专家调查法,对同一环节上的成员逐层分解,并同时在各层上分摊成本。最后,应用一个算例具体说明了如何求解只有3个参与者的合作博弈的核仁,从而进行成本分摊。

Cost allocation in a knowledge chain is one of the important factors that affect the stability and effectiveness of the knowledge chain.A model is presented for cost allocation for a knowledge chain with three partners by using cooperative games.With this model,analysis is carried out for both serial-parallel and parallel-serial structures.It is found that the parallel-serial structure performs better than the serial-parallel one.Hence,the cost is first allocated into three stages： supply,production,and sale,in a serial way.Then,at each stage,the cost is allocated into the partners in a parallel way by using experts＇ poll.An example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed method.