认知诗学再思考

Rethinking Cognitive Poetics

学界普遍认为认知诗学没有阐释力,只是对"文学阅读过程的解释说明"。文章通过查看认知诗学与后结构主义诗学的渊源关系,发现认知诗学家们借鉴了卡勒的诗学观,却忽略了卡勒在诗学阐释方面的独到见解。认知诗学将阐释的概念置入一个更为宽广的心理框架,通过主体经验将文本与世界相关联起来,成为一种语境化的诗学和独特的阐释理论,而不只是一种阅读理论。对照卡勒提出的"文学能力",不难发现,认知诗学家关注的只是对语言的认知能力,而非文学能力,这使得认知诗学的理论建设缺少一个文学的语境。

Cognitive poeticians assert that cognitive poetics is just an account for reading process. This assertion is, in fact, influenced by Culler＇s post - structrualist poetics. Through a study on the marriage between cognitive poetics and Post - structrualist poetics, we find that cognitive poeticians overlooked Culler＇s insight into Literary Competence and the interpretive potential of poetics. Cognitive poetics is actually a particular interpretive mode which connects text and the world via subjective experience. Referring to Culler＇s literary competence, we can find that though focusing on reader cognitive poetics pays attention not to literary competence but to cognitive competence.