全要素生产率、投入替代与地区间的能源效率

Total Factor Productivity,Inputs Substitution and Regional Energy Efficiency Disparity

本文通过对传统的能源效率指标进行分解,考察了1986—2010年间我国各地区能源效率及其影响因素的变化情况,得到以下结论:(1)能源效率变化的主要影响因素按贡献大小的排列分别是技术进步、投入替代变化与效率改善。总体上看,全要素生产率的作用要大于投入替代。技术效率变化与技术进步对能源效率的影响与我国的市场化改革进程存在密切关系;(2)尽管地区间"能源效率缺口"绝对量在逐年扩大,但表现出一定的追赶与收敛趋势。能源效率的地区结构差异表现出一定的地带性;(3)在能源效率变化的三个分解项中,投入替代变化的差异是影响地区间能源效率差异的首要因素。以上分析结果不仅有助于理解中国及各地区的能源效率及其影响因素的变化趋势,而且将为节能减排政策的制定与完善提供一定的参考依据。

In this paper, traditional energy efficiency index is decomposed to analyze the change of energy efficiency and its determinants on Chinese provincial-level in 1986-2010. The conclusions drawn are as follows： （1）The main factors that affect the energy efficiency according to their contribution are technical change, inputs substitution and efficiency improvement respectively. In general, total factor productivity has more impact on energy efficiency than inputs substitution effect, and effects of efficiency improvement and technical change keep a close relationship with China＇ s reform towards market economy; （2） While regional ＂ Energy Efficiency Gap＂ widen year by year, they show some catch-up and convergence trends. Regional energy efficiency disparity presents zonality in China;（3） When it comes to the three factors to regional energy efficiency disparity, the change of input substitution plays the most important role. The conclusions above are helpful to understand the trends of energy efficiency and its determinants of China more accurately, and will also contribute references to the development and improvement of energy-saving policies.