華梵兼舉,即文會貫——從佛典翻譯的一種獨特解釋看佛道關係及所表現之文化心理

Comprehension and Harmony through the Text: Buddhist Scripture Translation, Relation between Buddhism and Taoism, and their Uniqueness in Cultural Psychology

本文考察了中國宗教史上一個重要而有趣的現象:對佛教翻譯經典,用漢字本身所具有的含義來解釋某些譯名的意義,並通過這種考察,對中國歷史上佛教、道教的複雜關係進行了研究,指出這一現象反映了中國宗教史中鮮明的中國文化本位觀念以及佛道兩教在彼此消長中相互借鑑的狀況。同時,以清代道士閔一得爲中心,對采用這種方法的内在原因進行了深入挖掘,指出心同理同是中國宗教、哲學思想的一個核心觀念。這一觀念是使中國宗教長期以來形成一種相對和諧狀態的重要因素。

This thesis conducts a systematical investigation of an important and interesting phenomenon in the history of Chinese religion: in accordance with the translation of Buddhism teaching, the unique signification of Chinese characters is encoded in some translated terms. By means of this research, the author makes a further study of the complicated relationship between Buddhism and Taoism in Chinese history. The author also points out that the above-mentioned phenomenon reveals the salient Chinese cultural orientation and mutually drawing lessons from each other during their wax and wane in the history of Chinese religion. In the meantime, on the basis of the ideas proposed by the Taoist Min Yide in the Qing Dynasty and by usage of internal reasons of this methodology, the author advances that "the identical mentality, the identical action" is one of the core thoughts in Chinese religions and Chinese philosophy. It is this notion that plays an important role in propelling the relatively harmonious status in the Chinese religion for such a long time.