农村地区功能性胃肠病及其相关因素的调查研究

Investigation of functional gastrointestinal disorders and their related factors in rural area

目的调查农村地区功能性胃肠病（FGIDs）的流行病学情况。方法采用普查方法对河南省兰考县南马庄地区的6个村庄进行入户问卷调查。按照罗马Ⅲ标准统计FGIDs的患病率,并分析其相关的危险因素。分别应用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）分析焦虑、抑郁对FGIDs患病的影响。采用logistic回归进行FGIDs影响因素的多因素分析。结果实际共调查3032例（男1531例,女1501例）,年龄42.5±16.8（18~109）岁,诊断为FGIDs的有282例（9.30%）,患病率位于前4位的分别是功能性烧心（1.99%）、功能性消化不良（1.85%）、非特异性功能性肠病（1.76%）和肠易激综合征（1.58%）。FGIDs患病率在女性（10.26%）与男性（8.36%）之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;FGIDs患病率随年龄增长而升高,到60岁及以上达高峰（18.58%,P〈0.001）;消瘦＋肥胖组FGIDs患病率（16.45%）显著高于超重＋正常组（8.71%,P〈0.001）。吸烟人群的FGIDs检出率（12.76%）显著高于不吸烟人群（8.79%,P〈0.05）。多元回归分析显示高龄、不规律进餐、较多进食生冷食物、焦虑和抑郁状态是FGIDs的危险因素。结论河南省农村地区FGIDs患病率低于国内外报道,年龄、不良生活方式是FGIDs的危险因素,FGIDs患者多伴有焦虑、抑郁倾向。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders（FGIDs） in the rural population.Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out in six villages of Lankao county in Henan Province,using the Rome Ⅲ criteria,to assess the prevalence of FGIDs,and to analyze the FGID-related risk factors,using self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and self-rating depression scale（SDS） to assess their risk factors.Results A total of 3032 residents（male 1531,female 1501） were investigated with mean age of 42.5±16.8 years.Among the residents surveyed,282（9.30%） were diagnosed with FGIDs.The prevalence of the complaints showed that functional heartburn（1.99%）,functional dyspepsia（1.85%）,non-specific functional gastrointestinal disorders（1.76%） and irritable bowel syndrome（1.58%） ranked the highest in above order.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of FGIDs between female（10.26%） and male（8.36%,P〉0.05）.The prevalence rate of FGID increased with the increase of age,and reached the peak in the people with age over 60 years（18.58%,P〈0.001）.Statistical analysis indicated that smoking might be associated with FGIDs,accounting 12.76% in smoking people and 8.79% in non-smoking people（P〈0.05）.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that FGIDs might involve the following risk factors,including advanced age,irregular eating habit,with a preference of eating raw or cold foods,cold drinking,anxiety and depression（P〈0.05）.Conclusions The prevalence rate of FGIDs in these areas is lower than that reported elsewhere.Age and unhealthy life style might be the risk factors of FGIDs.The psychologic disorders such as anxiety and depression were also associated with people suffering from FGIDs.