2006—2010年北京市通州区儿童伤害监测结果分析

Analysis of child injury surveillance in Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2010

目的了解北京市通州区儿童伤害发生的特点和流行规律,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法对2006—2010年北京市通州区3家监测哨点医院首诊儿童伤害病例资料进行分析。结果 2006—2010年共发生儿童伤害4856例,其中男童3177例(65.42%),女童1679例(34.58%);3月和6～7月是一年中伤害高发月,9～11时和15时是一天中伤害高发时段;儿童伤害前5位致伤因素依次为跌倒/坠落(37.72%)、动物伤(29.26%)、钝器伤(12.68%)、非机动车车祸(6.45%)、刀/锐器伤(6.22%);伤害地点主要为家中(49.42%)、学校与公共场所(25.58%)、公路/街道(14.68%)、公共居住场所(6.49%)、体育和运动场所(1.69%);主要伤害部位依次为上肢(35.61%)、下肢(32.33%)和头部(23.54%)。结论男童伤害发生率高于女童,跌倒/坠落和动物伤(尤其是犬伤)是目前儿童伤害防范的重点,溺水和机动车车祸是重要的儿童死因。建议在家庭和学校加大有关伤害的宣传,提高家长与全社会的监管力度。

Objective To study status of child injure in Tongzhou district of Beijing and provide scientific basis for injury prevention and control. Methods Injury surveillance data of three hospitals in Tongzhou District from 2006 to 2010 were collected and analyzed. Results 4856 children injure cases were collected, including 3177 boys （65.42%） and 1679 girls （34. 58% ）. The peaks of injury occurrence were March, June and July in a year, and the peak times were 9：00 - 11：00 am and 3：00 pm in a day. The five main causes of injury were falls （37. 72% ） , animal injury （29. 26% ） , blunt injury （ 12. 68% ）, non-motor vehicle accident （6.45%） ,and knife/sharp injury （6. 22% ）. The majority of injuries were happened in home （49.42%）, schools and public places （25.58%） , roads and streets （ 14. 68% ）, public living places （6. 49% ） ,and sport facilities （ 1.69% ）. Upper limbs （35.61%） , lower limbs （32. 33% ） ,and heads （23.54%） were main injured position of body. Conclusion The injury rate of boys was higher than the girls. Interventions should be focus on falls and animal injury （ especially dog injury）. Drowning and motor vehicle accidents were the important cause of children＇ s death. It is suggested to increase the publicity of injury in families and schools, and improve the supervision of parents and the whole society.