鸡舍环境中镰孢菌的种类分布及潜在产单端孢霉烯族毒素菌株的检测

Distribution of Fusarium species in henhouse and detection of potential trichothecene-producing isolates

采用AGI-30生物采样器收集鸡舍空气样本,同时采集鸡舍中饲料、积尘、土壤和饮用水在内的环境基质样品。采用形态学方法对分离获得的镰孢菌菌株进行鉴定,利用tri5-PCR技术对镰孢菌菌株中产单端孢霉烯族毒素的菌株进行检测,目的是探明鸡舍环境中镰孢菌种类的分布特征和产毒菌株。结果表明,从采集的50份样品中分离获得139个镰孢菌菌株,鸡舍空气和基质中的优势菌株均为Fusarium verticillioides;在各基质中,土壤中镰孢菌总浓度最高,为4×102-1.35×104CFU/g,其次为饲料和饮用水;采用tri5-PCR技术筛选到42株tri5阳性镰孢菌菌株,其中以F.graminearum所占比例最高。研究明确鸡舍中镰孢菌种类及其分布特征对鸡只疾病控制及保障人类和动物的健康具有重要意义。

AGI-30 biological samplers were used to collect airborne samples, and various environmental substrates were also sampled, including feed, dust, soil and water from henhouses. It was aimed at investigation of Fusarium species distribution in henhouses and their potential trichothecene-producers. By means of morphological identification and tri5-PCR detection,139 Fusarium isolates were obtained in 50 samples. The predominant Fusarium species in henhouses was F. verticillioides in either air or various substrates. The Fusarium concentration in soil was highest, reaching 4× 10^2-1.35× 10^4CFU/g, and it was in the next place in feed and water. In tri5-PCR test 42 tri5 positive strains were detected with the highest detection rate off graminearum. The investigation of Fusarium species distribution in henhouses and their trichothecene-producing ability is valuable to chicken disease management and health protection of human and animals.