若干双子叶与单子叶植物细胞壁果胶结构单糖组成特征研究

Comparison of pectin structural monosaccharides in cell wall of dicotyledon and monocotyledon

为了系统研究被子植物初生壁果胶结构单糖的组成成分及其与被子植物两纲分类的关系,结合单糖单一环式的衍生化方法,采用GC/MS测定22种被子植物初生壁果胶中单糖组分及含量,并对测得的结果进行主成分、t检验和香农--威纳指数分析。结果表明:被子植物细胞壁果胶由木糖、鼠李糖、岩藻糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖7种单糖组成,其中鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖和半乳糖含量较高;岩藻糖和甘露糖含量极少。主成分分析筛选出决定22种被子植物间糖含量差异的5种果胶单糖分别为:木糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖和葡萄糖。主成分二维图和t检验结果显示:可通过果胶单糖含量实现被子植物中双子叶和单子叶两纲植物的区分,且木糖和半乳糖决定了两纲间的显著性差异(P<0.01)。同时香农--威纳指数结果显示了被子植物两纲在单糖含量的多样性上也存在差异,且双子叶植物的单糖多样性显著高于单子叶植物(P<0.01)。

To study the angiosperm pectin monosaccharide components and content in primary cell wall as well as its relation with plants’ systematics between dicotyledon and monocotyledon,gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry （ GC / MS） was performed to detect the pectin monosaccharide components and content in 22 angiosperms and the data were analyzed by principal component analysis （ PCA ） ,Student’s test and Shannon-Weiner index analysis. Seven monosaccharides were found in angiosperm pectin including xylose,rhamnose,fucose,arabinose,galactose,glucose and mannose. The pectin was particularly rich in rhamnose,arabinose and galactose,but with little fucose and mannose. Five pectin monosaccharides were screened from 22 plants by PCA,and they were xylose,arabinose,rhamnose,galactose,and glucose respectively. Two-dimensional chart and Student’s test showed that the significantly different content of xylose or galactose in pectin could provide a reference for distinguishing class dicotyledon from class monocotyledon （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . The Shannon-Wiener index showed the more diversities of monosaccharide in dicotyledon than monocotyledon （ P 〈 0. 01） . Taken together,the different content of pectin monosaccharide could provide a reference for the angiosperms’ systematics between dicotyledon and monocotyledon.