关于形象思维和马克思主义认识论的几个问题——论思维与抽象、形象、想象和直觉的关系

Imagery Thinking and Several Problems of Marxism Epistemology:Relation among Thinking and Abstract,Image,Imagination and Intuition

在形象思维问题上,无论是赞成者还是反对者都存在着许多认识上的混乱。从马克思的关于思维道路的论述看,应该恢复知性分析的"抽象"作为感性与理性之间的中间环节的地位,还马克思主义认识论的本来面貌。马克思关于人的头脑掌握世界的四种方式的理论和黑格尔的相关论述实际上肯定了形象思维的存在,而且作为普遍的一般思维方式先于理论思维方式。与一切思维都离不开抽象一样,形象思维包括艺术的形象思维也离不开抽象,甚至可以说没有抽象就没有艺术。从世界和大脑的生态复杂性看形象思维,才能正确认识它与想象、思维和直觉的关系,并有助于认识形象思维对于激发和培养创新性思维的重要意义。因此,必须重视对形象思维问题的严肃探讨和深入认识。

Either proponents or opponents more or less have been confused with the problem of imagery thinking. Therefore, it is necessary to restore the original meaning of Marxism epistemology. As a matter of fact, Marx＇s theory of humans four modes to comprehend the world and Hegel＇s relevant discourse confirmed that there was imagery think- ing and it was prior to theoretical thinking. Abstract is necessary for all kinds of thinking. Thus, imagery thinking in- cluding imagery thinking of art could not do without abstract. Only from the perspective of complexity of world and hu- man brain could we exactly recognize its relation to imagination, thinking and intuition, and the significance of imagery thinking in inspiring and fostering innovative thinking.