膝周软组织缺损修复的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF SOFT TISSUE DEFECT REPAIR AROUND THE KNEE

目的总结用于膝周软组织缺损修复的皮瓣、筋膜瓣、肌瓣及肌皮瓣的研究进展,为临床应用提供参考。方法查阅近年国内外有关膝周软组织缺损修复的文献,进行总结分析。结果筋膜皮瓣符合膝周软组织重建需皮瓣薄、柔软而坚韧的要求;肌(皮)瓣可以充填残腔,血供丰富,抗感染能力更强;游离皮瓣是局部或邻位皮瓣无法利用时的一种选择。结论临床应根据膝区不同缺损部位、深度和范围选择合适皮瓣修复软组织缺损,筋膜皮瓣因供区损伤小、重建外形良好,可作为首选。

Objective To review the research progress of the skin flap, fascial flap, muscle flap, and myocutaneous flap for repairing soft tissue defects around the knee so as to provide information for clinical application. Methods Domestic and abroad literature concerning the methods of soft tissue repair around the knee in recent years was reviewed extensively and analyzed. Results Fascial flaps meet the requirements of thin, pliable, and tough skin in the soft tissue repair around the knee. Myocutaneous flaps and muscle flaps have more abundant blood supply and anti-infection function. Free skin flaps are the only option when defects are extensive and local flaps are unavailable. Conclusion Suitable flaps should be chosen for soft tissue repair around the knee according to defect position, depth, and extent. Fascial flaps may be selected as the first flaps for defects repair because of excellent aesthetic results and less injury at the donor site.