杂多酸催化合成三醋酸甘油酯

Syntiesis of glyceryl triacetate by heteropolyacid catalysts

用自制杂多酸为催化剂，以甘油和醋酸为原料合成了三醋酸甘油酯。研究了杂多酸催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比和反应时间对酯收率的影响。结果表明：此法催化剂用量少、催化活性高，反应时间较短，三酯收率高，工艺简单，在一定条件下催化剂可以重复使用多次。用正交试验确定了合成三醋酸甘油酯的最佳工艺条件为：催化剂用量为反应物质量的０．５％，醇／酸摩尔比为１：５，反应温度为１０４～１１６℃，反应时间为４小时。此条件下，三醋酸甘油酯收率超过９４％。

Glyceryl triacetate was synthesized using hetefopolyacid as catalysts. The influences of the reaction time, the mole ratio of glycerine to acetic acid, the quantity of heterotolyacid catalysts on the yield of products were studied, The results show that heteropolyacid ctalysts having higher catalytic activities, reaction time being short, yield of ester being higher and technology being simple. The prorer technology paramenters for rhe process was obtained by orthogonal test: the mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants was 0.5 %, the molar ratio of glycerine to acetic acid was 1: 5, the reaction temperature was 104116℃ and the reaction time was 4 h. Under these conditons, the yield of glyceryl triacetate was up to 94%.