添加剂对绿色木霉菌发酵液抑菌活性的影响

Effects of Food Additives on Antibacterial Activity of the T. Viride Fementation Fluids

目的:研究绿色木霉菌发酵液的抑菌活性,为开发新型的天然食品防腐剂提供实验依据。方法:采用牛津杯法研究绿色木霉菌发酵液对8种常见食品腐败菌的体外抑菌效果,并以金黄色葡萄球菌为指示菌,研究食品添加剂对绿色木霉菌发酵液抑制食品腐败菌活性的影响。结果:绿色木霉菌发酵液对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌等革兰氏阳性菌都有较强的抑菌活性。在革兰氏阴性菌中,仅对铜绿假单胞菌有抑制作用,对大肠杆菌、乙型副伤寒沙门氏菌、变形杆菌和宋内氏志贺氏菌均无抑菌效果。26种常用食品添加剂对绿色木霉菌发酵液抑菌活性有不同的影响。氯化钠、亚硫酸钠和碳酸氢钠导致绿色木霉菌发酵液失去抑菌活性,阿拉伯胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄原胶、果胶、卡拉胶和明胶等增稠剂对绿色木霉菌发酵液抑菌活性有一定的抑制作用,乙二胺四乙酸二钠、抗坏血酸、丁基羟基茴香醚、二丁基羟基甲苯、没食子酸丙酯等抗氧化剂和蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸等增味剂则对其有一定的促进作用,氯化钙、氯化镁、硫酸镁、氯化钾、蔗糖脂肪酸酯和甘油单硬脂酸酯均对绿色木霉菌发酵液抑菌活性基本没有影响。

Objective：This paper studied on antibacterial activity of the fementation fluids from T. viride in order to provide experimental basis for development of a new natural food preservative. Method：T. viride fermentation fluids were studied to detect the antibacterial activities to 8 species of common food spoilage microbes in vitro, using S. aureus as indicator strain. Then the effects of 26 kinds of food additives on the antibacterial activity of the T. viride fermentation fluids were investigated. Results：The results showed that T. Viride fermentation fluids have obvious antibacterial activity on S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus and P. aeruginosa, but no antibacterial activity on E. coli, S. paratyphi B, P. vulgaris and Sh. sonnei. Sodium chloride, sodium sulfite and sodium bicarbonate inhibited the antibacterial activity of T. viride fermentation fluids; arabic gum, CMC-Na, xanthan gum, pectin, carrageenan and gelatin have certain inhibition on the antibacterial activity of T. viride fementation fluids. But some kinds of food additives expressed a certain promotion on the antibacteral activity of T. viride fermentation fluids, such as EDTA-2Na, ascorbic acid, BHA, BHT, PG, sucrose, fructose, glucose, citric acid, tartaric acid and lactic acid. The other food additives have no effect on the antibacterial activity of T. viride fermentation fluids, such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, sucrose fatty ester and glycerol mono stearate.