贫困地区发展落后的原因与对策分析

Analysis of the Causes and Countermeasures of the Poor Areas

贫困地区的发展问题一直是困扰中国经济社会发展的重大问题,贫困地区的落后是多种因素综合作用的结果。贫困地区按照不同的标准可以分为地域贫困、民族贫困、生态贫困3种类型。贫困地区发展落后的主要原因是自然环境恶劣;文化教育发展滞后,精神贫困严重;市场竞争致使贫困地区边缘化;基础设施、社会服务设施、金融服务设施等相对落后,生产生活条件差。实现贫困地区率先发展的主要对策是加大投入力度,促进贫困区域整体发展;物质扶贫与精神扶贫相结合;有效发挥市场机制作用,创新投入机制;加速经济结构调整,发展当地的特色经济;建立开发式扶贫为主、救济和农村社保相结合的多层次扶贫体系等。

The development of the poor areas is a critical problem which blocks the development of economy and society in China. And the reasons for those poor areas lagging behind are complex. Poor areas can he divided into three types according to different standards： regional poverty, national poverty and ecological poverty. The main reasons for those poor areas lagging behind are the harsh natural environment; unenlightened culture and education; barren spirit; marginalization resulting from market competition; backward of infrastructure, social services, financial services and facilities; poor living and producing conditions. The main countermeasure to promote the development of those poor areas is to increase investment, to promote the overall development of the poor areas, to alleviate the poverty financially and spiritually, to play effectively the role of market mechanism, innovation investment mechanism, to accelerate economic structural adjustment, to develop local characteristic economy and to build up an alleviating poverty system which focus on development but together with social welfare and government relief.