黑木耳菌丝及子实体对铬的富集研究

Research on the Bioaccumulation Characteristics to Cd of Mycelia and Fruiting Bodies of Auricularia auricularia-judae Strains

食用菌对多种重金属都有富集特性,因此应更关注食用菌的栽培和食用安全性。本研究中,选择了黑木耳的2株野生菌株YAASM1399、YAASM1402和2株栽培菌株YAASM2691、YAASM2692,测定当培养基质中Cd浓度不同的条件下,摇瓶液态培养的菌丝体及袋料栽培的子实体中的Cd浓度变化。结果表明,随着培养基质中Cd浓度的增加,菌丝体中的Cd浓度在极显著增加,而子实体中Cd浓度增加趋势较为平缓,培养基质中Cd浓度相同的情况下,菌丝体中的Cd浓度是子实体中的10倍～20倍;当培养基质中Cd浓度达到0.61 mg.kg-1时,只有菌株YAASM2692的子实体中Cd浓度为0.74 mg.kg-1,其它菌株子实体中的Cd浓度均已超过国家卫生要求标准1.0 mg.kg-1。

Abstract： It is important to pay more attention to the cultivation and food security of edible mushrooms as more and more researchs showed that many kinds of them had the characteristics to accumulate heavy metal. Two wild strains and two cultivated strains of A uricularia auricularia-judae were selected to investigate the changes of Cd contents in mycelia and fruiting bodies when different concentrations of Cd were added into the media. The results showed that the Cd contents in mycelia of four strains increased significantly with the increase of Cd contents in media and were 10-20 times than the Cd contents in the fruiting bodies as the Cd contents in the media were the same, but the increase tendency of the Cd contents in fruiting bodies were more gentle. When the Cd contents in media reached to 0.61 mg·kg^-1, the Cd contents in the fruiting bodies of strain YAASM2692 was only 0.74 mg·kg^-1, yet the Cd contents in the fruiting bodies of the oth- er three strains were all more than 1.0 mg·kg^-1.