2006年-2010年烟台毓璜顶医院围产儿出生缺陷分析

Birth defects in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital during 2006-2010

目的探讨我院围产儿出生缺陷发生状况、影响因素及确诊手段,为探索开展围孕期保健提供依据。方法对2006年-2010年5年间在我院住院分娩出生围产儿的监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2006年-2010年我院共出生22 211例围产儿,出生缺陷共301例,出生缺陷发生率为13.55‰(301/22211).出生缺陷率位居前五位的分别为先天性心血管疾病、唇腭裂、多指与并指(趾)、单肾缺如及多囊肾、生殖器畸形。产妇城乡间出生缺陷发生率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.34,P<0.01)。不同年龄、文化程度及胎儿性别比较,差异无统计学意义,但年龄<25岁及≥35岁的产妇其出生缺陷率高于其它组,出生缺陷率随产妇文化程度增高而降低。出生缺陷率的主要诊断手段为超声诊断(59.14%),产前诊断率为48.17%(145/301)。结论减少出生缺陷的工作重点在预防,应提高产前检查质量及产前诊断技术,降低出生缺陷率,提高出生人口素质。

Objective： To explore the situation, influencing factors, diagnosis of the birth defects in our hospital, so as to provide evidences for periconceptional care. Methods： 301 birth defects in a total of 22211 births were monitored from 2006 to 2010, the birth defect rate was 13.55%0 （301/22211）. The top 5 common birth defects were Cadiovascular disease, total cleft in lip and palate, synpolydactyly, anephrogenesis or Polycystic kidney and Genital malformation. There was significant difference in birth defect rate between puerperal at city and countryside （χ^2 = 24. 34, P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was no significant difference in birth defect rate between puerperal at different age, with different educational status, or different gender of fetus, But, the birth defect rate were higher in the age below 25 and exceed 35 groups than the other group, and the birth defect rate decrease when the educational status of puerperal increase. 48. 17% （ 145/301 ） cases were confirmed in prenatal diagnosis, and the main method was Ultrasonic Diagnosis. Conclusions ： The key to reduce the birth defect rate is the primary prevention. We should improve the quality of antenatal examination and prenatal diagnosis technology, reduce birth defects, and improve the population quality of newborn.