从生活出发诠释社会意蕴——论费孝通教授对社会学的重大理论贡献

Understanding the Meaning of Society from the Perspective of Life——The Important Contribution that FEI Xiaotong Made to Sociology

社会范畴是社会学以至整个社会科学的概念基石。但西方社会学对其概念意蕴的认识却陷入长久的理论迷思,已不能在解释人类新的社会生活实践上产生卓识洞见。中国社会学对于如何正确认识这一基石性概念尚缺少理论自觉和独创性,基本沿袭西方不同流派的观点。费老打破了西方社会学的传统研究范式,在社会整体结构内部发现了"生活"这一"隐性在场"的核心结构,建立了社会范畴的生活论研究范式,从而破解了围绕社会范畴的一系列理论难题,为社会学的发展确立了正确方向,也为中国社会学创立自己的话语体系开辟了前进道路。

The category of society is the theoretical basis of the whole social science especially for sociology. But in the west, sociology has long been fallen in the state of theory confusion concerning the connotation of its conception, whose perspective can no longer produce any insight into new human social practice. In China, it is still a problem about how to understand the definition of society, and there is not much constructive idea and theory initiative, mainly following the views of different schools in the west. Professor FEI Xiaotong broke the traditional research pattern of western sociology, and discovered the key and recessive presence definition ＂ life＂ in the social structure, constructing the study method of life view for understanding society. In this way, a series of problems around society definition have been resolved and a right orientation for development of sociology has been directed, which also opens up the road to establishing discourse system of Chinese sociology.