北阿尔泰山近30年冰川变化研究

Glacier changes in the northern Altay Mountains from 1980 to 2010

利用1980年的MSS影像,2000、2010年的Landsat TM影像为数据源,运用监督分类法、比值法,结合目视解译提取了北阿尔泰山30年来的冰川变化信息。结果表明:北阿尔泰山1980-2010年冰川面积减少了12.3%,年平均退缩速率为0.43%.a-1;冰储量减少了13.9%,年平均减少速率为0.46%.a-1,并且发现2000-2010年是冰川快速退缩期,在整个北阿尔泰山范围内又以卡通斯基山和北楚伊斯基山退缩较快。利用NECP/NCAR资料,分析了30年来温度、降水的变化与冰川退缩的关系,发现研究区的冰川的退缩主要受控于夏季温度变化,受降水影响较小。

The northern Altay Mountain was selected as a region to search a method for delineating glacier extent by MSS image of 1980,Landsat TM image of 2000 and 2010,and DEM image of 2009 by using the Interactive Date Language program by ITT visual Information Solutions and geographical information system techniques.The results show that the area of glacier in the northern Altay Mountains decreased by an average retreating rate of 0.43%·a^-1,the total area lost was 12.3% of the glaciered area from 1980 to 2010.The volume of glacier decreased by an average retreating rate of 0.46%·a^-1,the total volume lost was 13.9%.However,there evidently existed different shrinking rates between different periods（the shrinking rate of 2000-2010 was faster than other periods） and regions（the rate of glacier retreat in the Katun Mountains and the northern Chu Easky Mountains was faster than other regions）.The most of glaciers located in the altitude of 3000-4000m.The meteorological data（NECP/NCAR） between 1980 and 2010 were analyzed for probing the relationship between climate variations and mountain glaciers.It revealed that the glaciers in the northern Altay Mountains were controlled mainly by temperature in the summer,and they were weak in the relation to precipitation.