巨型城市、“世界城市”与“全球城市”——兼论上海在“全球城市”网络层级中的位置

Megacity,World City and Global City——On the Ranking of Shanghai in the World City Network

"巨型城市"与"全球城市"(或"世界城市")代表两种不同的观察和描述城市的视角,前者主要从人口数量角度关注城市发展,后者着重研究在经济全球化过程中城市的功能及其作用。在比较全球城市的等级位序时,由于高级生产者服务业的宏观界定以及跨国企业的微观选择每次很难保持一致,从而使得不同年份"全球城市"排序的准确性受到削弱。但毋庸置疑,如果根据"全球网络联通度"来衡量,上海在"全球城市"网络层级中的地位会越来越高。

Megacity and global city （or World City） represent two different concepts on the observation and description of big cities. Megacity focuses on the number of population, while the latter stresses cities＇ function in the process of economic globalization. Due to the discord between the definition of tertiary industries and choices of transnational companies, the ranking accuracy of cosmopolis in the world has been under criticism. Meanwhile, Shanghai＇s ranking in the world city network would keep rising when judged by the global network connectivity.