新疆野生黄花苜蓿群体果实的形态变异

Morphological variation of Medicago falcata pods and seeds in Xinjiang

以新疆13个地区的黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)为材料,通过测量其荚果长度、荚果宽度、每荚种子数、粒长、粒宽以及千粒重等,研究新疆不同地区黄花苜蓿果实形态差异。结果表明,13个地区的黄花苜蓿群体间性状均有显著差异(P<0.05),荚果长、荚果宽、每荚种子数、粒长、粒宽都与千粒重呈显著正相关。通过聚类分析将13个群体分为三类:阿勒泰群体单独聚为一类,主要为圆籽粒型;北屯、塔城和富蕴群体聚为一类,主要为多边籽粒型;其余9个群体聚为一类,主要为肾形籽粒型。本研究结果可为进一步开展黄花苜蓿的生物学和遗传育种研究奠定基础。

In order to reveal phenotypic variation and variation patterns in different districts across Xinjiang province, 13 populations of wild Medieago faleata were taken as experimental materials and pod length, pod width, seeds number per pod, seed length, seed width and 1 000-seed-weight were measured. Phenotypic variations among and within populations were analyzed using variance analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that, various characters of Medicago Falcata groups had significant differences. Pod length, pod width, seeds number per pod, seed length and seed width all have a significant positive correlation with 1 000-seed weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed these 13 populations were divided into three groups： 1） Altai; 2） BeiTun, TaCheng and FuYun; and 3） BuErJin, YuMin, EMin, HaBahe, Tekesi, JiMunai, Urumqi of Nanshan, FuHai and ChaBuchaer. These findings can offer basic data for further study of conservation biology and genetic breeding of this species.