商业信托委托人的法律地位

The Legal Status of Settler in Business Trust

商业信托与普通信托有重要区别,委托人的地位与角色大相径庭。中国《信托法》借鉴日本法模式,赋予信托委托人诸多权利,可称为委托人法定权利模式。委托人的此种法律地位,虽适合于普通信托,但不符商业信托的功能及需求。原因之一在于对商业信托的特殊情形考虑不周,误植入仅适合于普通信托之规则。委托人法定权利模式之弊端,无法以增设委托人义务等方案予以补救,较为彻底的解决之道应为:委托人不对商业信托及其受益人享有权利。

Business trust is profoundly different from ordinary trust with respect to the status and role of settlers and other issues. The Trust Law of China provides many rights of settler. This model, which is transplanted from Japan trust statute, may be named ＂Settler＇s Statutory Rights Model＂. The settler＇s legal status under this model is suitable to ordinary trust, but is inconsistent with the function and needs of business trust. The formation of this model might be resulted from insufficient considerations on the special circumstances of business trust and mistakenly transplanting the rules appropriate to ordinary trust only. The deficiency of this model cannot be overcome by providing settler＇ s duties or other proposals, and the complete solution may be the settler has no right to the business trust and beneficiary.