战略现实主义--中国大战略的一种选择

Strategic Realism:An Option for China's Grand Strategy

作为非西方新兴大国,中国的国家大战略应积极顺应21世纪的战略心理特质,贯彻一种符合中国国情的现实主义基调,在知晓自己的战略优势与战略弱点的基础上,避免冒险政策。在21世纪,中国国家大战略仍须把握安全、发展、和平和正义这几类核心价值,特别是坚持发展这个中心任务不动摇,规划好力量运用的方式与力度,即坚持一种战略现实主义指导下的大战略观。战略现实主义体现的是在中国和世界均发生了巨大而深刻变化的情势下,基于对国家发展的内向型关注,鼓励以健全的外交政策来支撑长远的国家利益。尽管战略现实主义遵循着自助的逻辑,以安全和强盛为根本价值追求,以谋划和维护国家利益为首要出发点,但它并不主张鲁莽地卷入国际权势大争斗,而是要求明智地使用权力,通过优化国内和国际两个大局,坚定地推进国家大战略目标的实现。从外交哲学意义出发,战略现实主义更多的是对中国的国家大战略在21世纪基本取向的一种描述,而不是对具体政策的精确概括。

As a non-Western emerging power,China should positively adapt its grand strategy to the strategic psychological traits in the 21st century,maintain a realist tone consistent with the national conditions of China,and avoid adventurist policies while awaring both strategic strength and weakness.In the 21st century,China's grand strategy should be based on such core values as security,development,peace and justice,especially focusing on development in particular,which we named 'strategic realism'.Given the profound changes in China and the world,strategic realism encourages active foreign policy to safeguard the long-term national interests of China.Following the self-help logic and the fundamental values of security and prosperity,strategic realism concerns national interests as its top-priority.It advocates smart use of power,and aims to achieve its objectives by optimizing both domestic and international conditions.From the perspective of diplomatic philosophy,strategic realism is not a summarization of concrete policies but a description of China's grand strategy orientations in the new century.