摘要
【目的】定量描述超级杂交稻干物质与养分积累的动态变化,为进一步提高超级杂交稻干物质积累的潜力以及肥料的合理施用提供依据。【方法】于2011年在大田条件下,以超级杂交稻准两优527、Q优6号和对照品种Ⅱ优838为供试材料,通过连续测定干物质和氮磷钾含量,并对干物质和氮磷钾积累量及生长时间进行归一化处理,建立超级杂交稻相对干物质和相对氮磷钾积累动态模型,进而分析超级杂交稻干物质和氮磷钾积累的动态特征。【结果】Gompertz方程对超级杂交稻干物质和养分的动态模拟效果较好。利用2009年和2011年试验数据对模型进行验证,干物质积累模型模拟的NRMSE较小,R2值均达到0.9820以上,模拟的准确度(以k表示)约为1,NS均在0.9530以上;对养分积累模型检验表明,模型模拟效果较好,不同模型NRMSE较小,R2和k值以及NS值趋近于1。对超级杂交稻生长特性分析表明,超级杂交稻干物质积累速率在前期略高于对照,后期尤为明显,最大干物质积累速率出现在孕穗至抽穗期;超级杂交稻干物质积累快速增长期持续的时间为71—75 d,比对照持续时间长15—19 d;快速增长期干物质积累量占总积累量的比例,超级杂稻比对照品种高4.47%—11.25%。超级杂交稻氮积累的最大速率出现在孕穗期前10 d;氮积累的快速增长期出现在拔节期前12 d至抽穗期,在快速增长期氮的积累量占氮总积累量的65.60%。超级杂交稻磷积累的最大速率出现在孕穗期前8 d;磷积累的快速增长期出现在拔节期至抽穗期前7 d,在快速增长期的磷积累量占磷总积累量的68.36%;超级杂交稻钾积累的最大速率出现在拔节期后3—4 d;钾积累的快速增长期出现在拔节期前12—16 d至孕穗期前1—5 d,在快速增长期的钾积累量占钾总积累量的60.10%—61.71%。【结论】采用Gompertz模型y=ae-exp(b-cx)模拟了超级杂交稻干物质和养分的积累动态。超级杂交稻干物质和养分的优势在于快速增长期持续时间较长,中后期干物质和养分积累速率较快。
[ Objective ] Modeling dynamics of dry matter and nutrient accumulation of super hybrid rice is an important task for further improvement of yield and rational application of fertilizer. [ Method ] A field experiment with two super hybrid cultivars (Zhunliangyou527, Qyou 6) and CK(Ilyou838) was conducted in 2011, and dry matter accumulation (DMA) and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation (NA, PA, KA) were measured. The dynamic equations of relative dry matter accumulation (DMAR) and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation (NAR, PAR, KAR) were established with the normalized DMA, normalized NA, PK and KA and normalized growth time, and the dynamic characteristics of DMA and NA, PA, KA changes were analyzed based on the relative equations. [Result] Gompertz simulated better than the other equations for the DMA and nutrient dynamic accumulation characteristics of super hybrid rice. The equations were validated with field experimental data of 2009 and 2011.The NRMSE of DMA simulation were relatively smaller, and R2 values were above 0.9820. The accuracies were about 1, and the NS values were above 0.9530. Validation for the nutrient accumulation equation showed that the model simulated well. The R2, k and NS were all about 1. The analysis of growth characteristics of super hybrid rice showed that the rate of DMA in super hybrid rice was slightly higher than CK at earlier stage and significantly at last stage. The maximum rate of DMA of super hybrid rice was from boot stage to heading stage. The initial of DMA rapid growth stage for super hybrid rice were lower than the CK. The duration of rapid growth period of DMA of super hybrid rice was 71-75 d, which was 16-19 d longer than the CK and the ratio of DMA of rapid growth period in total DMA of super hybrid rice was 4.47%-11.25% higher than that of the CK. The maximum NA rate of super hybrid rice was in 10 d before boot stage. The NA (nitrogen accumulation) rapid growth stage was from 12 d before jointing stage to heading stage, and the NA in rapid growth period was 65.60% of total NA. The maximum PA rate of super hybrid rice was in 8 d before boot stage. The PAL (phosphorus accumulation) rapid growth stage was from after jointing stage to 7 d before heading stage, and the PA in rapid growth period was 68.36% of total PA. The maximum KA rate of super hybrid rice was in 3-4 d after jointing stage. The PA(potassium accumulation) rapid growth stage was from 12-16 d after jointing stage to 1-5 d before heading stage, and the KA in rapid growth period was 60.10%-61.71% of total KA. [Conclusion]The study used the Gompertz equation to simulate the DMA and nutrient dynamic accumulation characteristics of super hybrid rice. The advantage of DMA and nutrient of super hybrid rice were that the duration of rapid growth was longer than that of conventional flee, and the accumulation rate at last stage was faster relatively.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第18期3709-3720,共12页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31160263)
贵州省科技重大专项计划项目(黔科合重大专项字[2011]6012-1)
贵州省农业科技攻关项目(黔科合NY[2011]3085)
贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2011]2139号)