‘奥迪亚’葡萄杂交后代胚挽救及无核性状分子鉴定

Embryo rescue and seedlessness molecular identification of hybrid offsprings of ‘Otilia' grape

【目的】为了研究影响杂交后代胚挽救萌发率的主要因素,并对其无核性状进行早期鉴定,【方法】以无核、抗病葡萄品种‘奥迪亚’为母本,‘玫瑰香’、‘摩尔多瓦’和‘红地球’3个主栽品种为父本进行杂交,通过L9(33)正交试验,建立简单高效的胚挽救体系,并用分子标记对杂交苗无核性状进行鉴定。【结果】结果表明,影响胚挽救萌发率的最关键因素为接种时期,其次为培养基种类和NAA浓度;以‘奥迪亚’为母本的杂交胚其适宜接种程序为授粉后49～56 d剥取胚珠,接种在B5或NN69培养基上充分发育70 d,再转入1/2 B5培养基上萌芽,‘奥迪亚’ב摩尔多瓦’杂交胚通过此程序萌发率达到了50.48%;经分子标记鉴定,各组合后代的无核株系均超过50%。【结论】利用胚挽救方法以‘奥迪亚’为杂交母本可高效创新葡萄无核种质。

[Objective]What was the main factor which influenced the embryo germination rate and whether the hybrid off-springs were seedless or not were studied in this test. [Method ]Three hybrid combi- nations were set up which were ‘Otilia＇ בMuscat Hamburg＇, ‘ Otilia＇ בMoldova＇ and ‘Otilia＇ × ‘Red Globe＇, and the female parent ‘Otilia＇ was seedless and disease-resistant. L9 （33） orthogonal test were designed to establish simple and efficient embryo rescue progress, and using molecular marker to identify whether the hybrid off-springs were seedless or not. [Result] The results were as follows： the most important factor that influenced the embryo germination rate was inoculation period, which is followed by the medium type and NAA concentration; the suitable embryo rescue progress for hybrid embryos, whose female parents was Otilia, was that the embryos were first inoculated at 49-56 DAF （days after fertiliza- tion）, and after developed on the B5 or NN69 medium for 70 d, the embryos were then cultured on 1/2 B5 medium for germination. At last, the germination rate of ‘Otilia＇ × ‘Moldova＇ hybrid embryos reached to 50.48 %. The molecular marker analysis result indicated that the proportion of seedless offspring of the three hybrid combinations was higher than 50%. [Conclusion] It was a efficient way to breed new seedless grape with ‘Otilia＇ as female parent by using embryos rescue technology.