我国运动员人力资本形成与投资研究

Study on Formation and Investment of Chinese Athlete Human Capital

运用人力资本理论,通过文献资料、社会调查等方法,研究我国运动员人力资本的形成与投资等问题。结果表明:运动员人力资本的内涵是凝结在运动员身上具有经济价值的生产能力,其形成是内生和外生因素共同作用的结果,以运动员专项竞技能力为核心的劳动能力是形成运动员人力资本的自然基础和根源,各投资主体多年坚持不断地投资是其形成的外在条件,而且这种投资只有作用于合适的载体才能形成高级劳动力,进而转化为运动员人力资本。我国运动员人力资本国家投资主体投资数额巨大,投资面广,投入风险不高,投资的机会成本被全社会共同承担。运动员个人处于投资的核心地位,既有时间和劳动的投入,又有物质和精神的投入,投资风险大,机会成本较高。

Sets as the theory of human capital, with literature review and social survey, this paper probes into some important problems as formation and investment of Chinese athlete human capital. The result shows that the main content of athlete human capital is the production capacity of economic value cohered to the athletes, and its formation is due to internal and external causes. The manual capacity of the athlete particular competitive capacity is the natural core and source to form athlete human capitals. It is also formed by the sustained investments of every investor. Indeed, such investments can only be formed high ranking manual capacity by functioned on the suitable athletes, to finally transform the human capitals. The national investments are the dominant power as its huge amount and its widespread field, but the in- vestment risk of it is not high and the cost is shared by all sectors of the society. While with the individual investments, it concludes both money and time input, and material and spiritual input. What＇s more, it has high risks and the opportunity cost of its investments is high.