18世纪英国文人眼中的邓恩

John Donne in the Eyes of English Intellects of the 18th Century

约翰·邓恩(John Donne)是17世纪英国玄学派诗歌的开拓者。他善于运用惊人的意象和奇特的类比,将理智与感情合二为一,其诗歌作品往往给人一种耳目一新、出其不意的感觉。传统观点认为,邓恩的诗才在17世纪的评论界备受关注,而在18世纪却遭到评论家们的贬低和忽视,直到20世纪新批评主义兴起人们才重新评价和肯定他的玄学诗歌。相对而言,关于对邓恩18世纪的影响研究比较少且不深入。本文通过阅读梳理大量18世纪有关邓恩的记载和评论,以较信服的例证分析了当时学界对邓恩的评价,论证了邓恩对18世纪英国文学的积极影响,以期纠正人们在邓恩影响研究上的一些偏见和误解。

John Donne, the founder of Metaphysical School of poetry, is good at using fatanstic conceit and analogy, interwaving sense with sensibility, to make his works creatively unexpected. It is traditionally acknowledged that Donne＇s poems were popular with the literary critics in the 17th century, but ignored and despised in the 18th century, a period without much interest in him, and not reconfirmed until the flourishing of the New Critics in the 20th century. This article, however, with some convincing evidance newly found in letters, records and critical reviews, hopes to reevaluate Donne and his works in the 18th century England to erase some prejudice and misunderstanding, andlto prove Donne＇s active influence on British literature at that time.