自走式多功能穗茎兼收玉米联合收获机的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Self-propelled and Multifunctional Combine Harvester for Corn and Stalk

为有效解决我国现有技术玉米联合收获机没有多功能玉米秸秆综合利用功能的缺陷,满足不同地区和用户对玉米秸秆利用的不同需求,实现玉米联合收获机的大范围跨区作业,设计了4YZD-4型自走式多功能穗茎兼收玉米联合收获机。该机采用板式摘穗单元组成上层果穗收获台,滚筒式切割器、秸秆输送铺放搅龙、浮动单双辊混合压送机构组成下层秸秆收获台,秸秆切碎还田装置和抛掷装置与整机底盘独立安装,能一次性完成玉米果穗收获、果穗剥皮和集箱,玉米秸秆切割、集条铺放、切碎还田、切碎回收、旋耕灭茬的联合作业功能,为我国大中型玉米穗茎兼收联合作业机械的研发提供了技术依据和应用实例。

In order to effectively solve the existing technology defects that corn harvesting machine has not the functions of comprehensively muhifunctional utilizing corn stalk, to meet the different areas＂ and users＂ demands of corn stalk utilization, and to realize inter-district range work of corn harvesting machine, 4YZD-4 harvester was designed to harvest ears and stalks together. The machine adopted plate-type ear harvesting unit to constitute the upper ear harvesting table. Roller-type cutter, screw conveyor for straw conveying and laying, floating single and douhle roll mixed pressure feeding mechanism constituted the lower straw harvesting table. Straw shredding and returning device, throwing device and the chassis were mounted independently. The machine can onee finish lots of combined operation functions, such as harvesting corn ear, peeling ear and collecting it in box, cutting corn stalk, collecting and laying, shredding and returning, shredding and recover.w, and cleaning stuhble based on rotary tillage, which provides the technical basis and application examples for our country＇s large and middle corn ear and stalk harvesting machine research.