1985-2010年中国学生超重与肥胖流行趋势

The trend analysis of overweight and obesity in Chinese students during 1985 - 2010

目的了解中国1985-2010年学生超重与肥胖流行趋势。方法利用1985、1995、2000、2005、2010年的中国学生体质与健康调研资料进行分析，各年总样本量分别为204977、216786、234421、215319名。根据身高和体重计算BMI，应用中国肥胖工作组（WGOC）的“中国学生超重肥胖体重指数值筛查标准”评价超重和肥胖，并计算7～18岁学生超重与肥胖检出率，以及各次调研时间区间超重肥胖检出率年均增长值。结果2010年中国7—18岁城市男生、乡村男生、城市女生、乡村女生4类群体学生超重与肥胖检出率分别为23．23％（12503／53830）、13．76％（7414／53857）、12．72％（6839／53744）、8．56％（4612／53888），表现为男生高于女生、城市高于农村，其中7～12岁年龄段检出率最高为17．14％（18463／107741）；2010年各省（自治区、直辖市）7—18岁学生肥胖检出率在0．44％（8／1800）～21．67％（390／1800）之间。1985-1995、1995-2000、2000-2005、2005-2010年肥胖检出率年均增长值分别为0．10％、0．30％、0．23％、0．23％，1985-2005年城市肥胖年均增长率高于农村，其中，1985-1995年间城市男生、城市女生、乡村男生、乡村女生的肥胖检出率年均增长值分别为0．20％、0．13％、0．05％和0．03％。2005-2010年间城市男生、乡村男生、城市女生、乡村女生4类群体肥胖检出率年均增长值分别为0．30％、0．10％、0．34％、0．17％，乡村超过城市。结论中国1985-2010年学生超重与肥胖检出率持续增长，其中，2005-2010年乡村学生超重与肥胖检出率年均增长速度已超过城市。

Objective To analyze the trend of overweight and obesity in students in China during 1985 -2010. Methods The data were from Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 1985,1995,2000,2005 and 2010, and the sample sizes were 204 977,216 786,234 421,215 319, respectively. BMI was calculated with height and weight. The prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as the rates of increase were described based on the BMI percentile criteria of Working Group on Obesity in China （WGOC）. Results In 2010, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in four groups students （urban boys, urban girls, rural boys, and rural girls aged 7 - 18 years） were 23.23% （12 503/53 830） , 13.76% （7 414/53 857 ） , 12. 72% （6 839/53 744） ,8. 56% （4 612/53 888 ）, respectively, which were higher in boys and urban , and reached the peak 17. 14% （ 18 463/107 741 ） in students aged 7 - 12 years. The prevalences of obesity were 0.44%（8/1800） -21.67% （390/1800） among children aged 7 -18 years in different provinces. The prevalence of overweight and obesity during 1985 -1995,1995 -2000,2000-2005 and 2005 -2010 increased 0. 10% , 0. 30% , 0. 23% , 0. 23% ,respectively, and the increase rate was higher in urban than in rural during 1985 -2005. During 1985 - 1995, the increase rate of obesity in four groups students were 0. 20% ,0. 13%, 0. 05% and 0. 03% ,respectively. During 2005 - 2010 ,the increase rates of obesity in four groups of students were 0. 30%, 0. 10%, 0. 34%, 0. 17%, respectively, and the increase rate was higher in rural than in urban. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity among 7 - 18 years-old children increased rapidly during the 1985 -2000, and the increase rate of obesity in rural exceeded that in urban during 2005 -2010.