外国银行入侵对晚清支付结算体系影响研究

Study on the Influence of Foreign Bank Invasion on the Payment and Settlement System of Late Qing Dynasty

晚清时期外国银行的进入给中国支付结算体系带来了严重影响。在华大量发行纸币加剧了货币的混乱,强化对民间支付结算机构的控制与掠夺,取代外国洋行对国际汇兑业务的垄断,依恃强大资本操控外汇牌价和资金市场,客观上刺激了中资银行的成立,并促使中资银行几乎照搬外国银行的经营模式。至清末,外国在华银行已成为中国事实上的中央银行。

The coming of foreign banks in the late Qing dynasty exerted serious influences on China＇ s payment and settlement system. Large numbers of paper money were issued by the foreign banks in China, which aggravated currency turmoil in the period. Besides, foreign banks controlled and plundered folk payment and settlement organizations, replaced foreign firms to monopolize international remittance service, and controlled foreign exchange rates and the capital market depending on their strong capital. All these objectively stimulated the foundation of Chinese banks, and almost all the operation modes of foreign banks were borrowed by the Chinese banks. In late Qing dynasty, foreign banks in China had become China＇ s central banks in fact.