百色市右江区冬春季节大气PM_(10)中主要水溶性无机离子分析

Analysis on Main Water-soluble Inorganic Ions of the Atmospheric PM_(10) in Youjiang District of Baise City in Winter and Spring

[目的]分析百色市右江区冬春季大气PM10中主要水溶性无机离子。[方法]于2010年11月至2011年4月,采集百色市城区大气可吸入颗粒物PM10样品,研究其水溶性无机离子的化学特征。[结果]百色市城区冬季PM10平均浓度为163.45μg/m3,春季PM10平均浓度为148.59μg/m3,略低于冬季。水溶性无机离子浓度的大小次序为SO24->Cl->NO3->NH4+>K+>Na+>Mg2+>F-,其中SO24-、NO3-和Cl-分别占水溶性组分质量的52.4%、18.2%和12.6%。PM10呈较强酸性,可能是高含量的SO24-所致。NO3-和SO24-的当量比值为0.73,表明固定源是大气N、S污染重要来源。NH4+和SO24-的当量比值为0.75,表明PM10中的NH4+主要以NH4HSO4形式存在。海盐对大气颗粒物中离子来源的贡献很小。[结论]可吸入颗粒物成为百色市大气首要污染物之一。

[Objective] The research aimed to analyze main water-soluble inorganic ions of the atmospheric PM10 in Youjiang District of Baise City in winter and spring.[Method] From December,2010 to April,2011,atmospheric inhalable particulate matter PM10 in urban district of Baise was collected to study chemical characteristics of the water-soluble inorganic ion.[Result] Average concentration of PM10 in urban district of Baise was 163.45 μg/m3 in winter and 148.59 μg/m3 in spring.The concentration order of water-soluble inorganic ion was SO2-4〉Cl-〉NO-3〉NH＋4〉K＋〉Na＋〉Mg2＋〉F-.SO2-4,NO-3 and Cl-respectively occupied 52.4%,18.2% and 12.6%.PM10 presented strong acidity,which might be caused by high content of SO2-4.Equivalent ratio of NO-3 and SO2-4 was 0.73,showing that stationary source was important source of the atmospheric N and S pollution.Equivalent ratio of NH＋4 and SO2-4 was 0.75,showing that NH＋4 existed in the form of NH4HSO4.Sea salt had very small contribution on ion source of the atmospheric particulate matter.[Conclusion] Inhalable particulate matter was one of the primary air pollutants in Baise City.