葡萄籽毛油的精炼工艺研究

Refining Process of Grape Seed Oil

[目的]优化葡萄籽油的精炼工艺,找出相对提取率较高的提取方法。[方法]为获得优质精油,将葡萄籽毛油经脱酸、脱胶、脱色、脱臭工艺精炼,通过正交试验对葡萄籽毛油精炼工艺进行优化。[结果]毛油精炼的最佳脱酸方案为碱液浓度18%,碱炼初温44℃,超碱用量0.3%;最佳脱胶方案为水化温度77℃,水化加水量为4倍毛油磷脂含量,水化作用时间为9h;选择白土脱色的最佳脱色方案为2次脱色工艺,第1次加入白土量为4%,温度为90℃,脱色时间为30 min,第2次加入白土量为3%,温度为85℃,脱色时间为15 min,2次的真空度均为0.1 MPa;脱臭的最佳方案:真空度0.08 MPa,控制温度180℃,控制时间90 min。[结论]该研究为葡萄籽油的提取及开发应用提供科学依据。

[Objective] To optimize the refining process of grape seed oil and find out a high-efficient extraction method.[Method] In order to obtain high-quality oil,the crude grape seeds oil was refined through a series of process,including degumming,deacidification,bleaching and deodorization,the process was then optimized through the orthogonal design.[Result] The best deacidification program was 18% alkali concentration,the initial temperature of 44 ℃ for alkali refining and the amount of 0.3% over base;the best degumming program was hydration temperature of 77 ℃,4 times the water of hydration plus phospholipid content of crude oil,and 9 h hydration time;the best bleaching program was using two bleaching process,the amount of clay added was 4%,temperature was 90 ℃ and bleaching time was 30 min during the first process;while the clay amount was 3%,the temperature was 85 ℃ and the bleaching time was 15 min during the second process.The vacuum rate for both processes was 0.1 MPa.The best process of deodorizing was the vacuum of 0.08 MPa,the temperature of 180 ℃ and the time of 90 min.[Conclusion] The study provided scientific basis for the extraction and development of grape seed oil.