黑河流域生态水文传感器网络设计

Introduction of Eco-hydrological Wireless Sensor Network in the Heihe River Basin

在黑河上游八宝河流域和中游盈科灌区,以无线传感器网络为纽带,高效集成流域尺度内密集分布的、多源异构传感器的各种气象、水文及生态观测项目,建立自动化、智能化、时空协同的、各观测节点远程可控的生态水文传感器综合观测网络;通过优化地面采样方案,精细观测和准确度量流域尺度内空间异质性较强的关键水文生态要素的时空动态过程、时空变异性和不确定性;研究针对星载/机载遥感真实性检验的地面传感器采样方案,精细验证遥感反演精度,深入挖掘各种遥感手段在流域综合观测中的作用和潜力;全面提高流域水文生态过程的综合观测能力和观测自动化水平。

This paper gives an introduction about the eco-hydrological wireless sensor network in the Heihe River Basin, including its background, observation objective, node type definition, data transfer mode, and the optimal spatial sampling strategy. All kinds of meteorological, hydrological and ecological observation sites distributed in both the Babaohe River Basin in the upstream and the Daman/Yingke irrigation districts in the middle stream of the Heihe River basin are integrated and communicated to the data center through the wireless transferring technique. An automatic, intelligent, and remote-controllable eco-hydrological wireless sensor network is established. Meanwhile, relevant researches about optimal spatial sampling strategy of the wireless sensor network nodes have been carried out to capture the spatial-temporal dynamics and spatial variations of the key eco-hydrologieal parameters in the heterogeneity land or at remote sensing pixel scale. As a result, it is anticipated to improve the integrated, standardized and automated observation capability for the hydrological and ecological processes research at the basin scale.