微小RNA调控骨髓干细胞、成骨破骨细胞在骨代谢中的影响

MicroRNA affects bone marrow-derived stem cells,osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone metabolism

背景:最近研究发现微小RNA在间充质干细胞分化过程中发挥着重要的调控作用。目的:总结探讨微小RNA在间充质干细胞中的作用,全面了解间充质干细胞分化的机制,对骨质疏松症的预防和治疗有重要意义。方法:由第一作者检索1990/2008 PubMed数据及万方数据库有关微小RNA调控骨髓间充质干细胞从而影响骨代谢等方面的文献,英文检索词为"microRNA,mesenchymal stem cells,bone metabolism",中文检索词为"微小RNA,骨髓间充质干细胞,骨代谢"。根据纳入标准保留30篇进一步归纳总结。结果与结论:微小RNA通过对多种转录因子、生长因子和信号通路的调节作用,影响着间充质干细胞的自我更新和分化过程。运用高通量技术筛选出与骨髓间充质干细胞分化相关的特异性微小RNA,研究其作用的分子机制,对于骨髓间充质干细胞分化异常所致的骨代谢疾病,如骨质疏松症等发病机制的阐明具有重要作用。微小RNA在骨髓间充质干细胞的分化中作用机制的研究将为骨代谢疾病的预防和治疗提供一个新的方向。

BACKGROUND：Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNA plays an important regulatory role in the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs）. OBJECTIVE：To summarize the role of microRNA in the differentiation of BMSCs and fully investigate the mechanism underlying differentiation of BMSCs, which would provide significance for preventing and treating osteoporosis. METHODS：A computer online retrieval was performed by the first author in PubMed and Wanfang database to search papers regarding microRNA influencing bone metabolism by regulating BMSCs published between 1990 and 2008 with the Keywords microRNA,mesenchymal stem cells, bone metabolism＂ in Chinese or English. According to inclusion criteria, 30 papers were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：MicroRNA influences self-renewal and differentiation of BMSCs by regulating many transcription factors, growth factors and signal pathway. Specific microRNA related to BMSC differentiation was screened out using high-throughput technique. The underlying molecular mechanism would provide important significance for clarifying the mechanism underlying bone metabolism disorders induced by abnormal BMSC differentiation, such as osteoporosis. Studying the mechanism underlying microRNA effects on BMSC differentiation would provide a new thought for preventing and treating metabolic bone diseases.