膝关节形态学测量在人工膝关节置换领域的价值及意义

Value and significance of knee joint morphological measurement in total knee arthroplsty

背景:对人工膝关节假体形态尺寸进行观察及测量,并对相关测量统计数据进行人工膝关节形态设计,有利于促进膝关节假体植入后的稳定性和组织相容性。目的:结合文献探讨形态学测量在临床上膝关节置换中的重要性。方法:以"膝关节;假体;测量;设计;置换"为中文关键词,以"artificial knee joint;prosthesis;measure;design;replacement"为英文关键词。采用计算机检索1998-01/2011-12有关人工膝关节假体设计、测量及膝关节假体植入后相容性的文章。结果与结论:膝关节的形态学测量即膝关节的三维有限元模型、相关参数及角度、生物力学研究与膝关节假体选择及设计有着重要相关性。膝关节的形态测量有二维和三维测量,以三维测量法精确。膝关节线性尺寸之间、身高与线性尺寸之间均有很好的相关性,所测量的数据在临床上均有应用意义。典型的膝关节三维解剖模型,能为膝关节参数的测量提供一种可靠的方法,提高手术的成功。

BACKGROUND： Observation and measurement of the size and design of the morphology of artificial knee joint are benefit to promote the stability and histocompatibility after knee prosthesis implantation. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effect of morphological measurement in total knee arthroplsty. METHODS： A computer-based search was performed with the of ＂artificial knee joint, prosthesis, measure, design, replacement＂ in English and Chinese for the literatures that related to the design and measurement of artificial knee joint prosthesis, as well as the literatures that related to the histocompatibility after knee joint prosthesis implantation published from January 1998 to December 2011. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The morphological measurement of the knee joint, namely the three-dimensional finite element model, the relevant parameters and prospects and the biomechanics research, was correlated with selection and design of knee prosthesis. The morphological measurement of the knee joint contained two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurement, and the three-dimensional measurement method was more accurate. There were good correlation between linear dimensions, height and linear dimension, and the application of measurement data has great significance in clinic. The typical knee joint three-dimensional anatomical model can provide a reliable method for the measurement of knee parameters in order to improve the success of the operation.