X射线影像在正常骨组织及骨疾病诊断中的应用分析

Application of X-ray image in normal bone tissue and bone disease diagnosis

背景:X射线影像诊断已经成为临床影像诊断中重要的组成部分,是骨关节系统临床诊治最常用的方法。目的:对X射线影像在正常骨组织及骨疾病诊断中的应用研究文献进行多层次探讨分析。方法:以电子检索的方式对CNKI数据库2002/2011X射线影像在正常骨组织及骨疾病诊断中的应用研究文献进行检索分析,采用检索词为"骨组织;髋关节;膝关节;肩关节;肘关节;X射线影像"。骨关节系统是人体的承重系统及运动系统,结构复杂多样化,因此骨组织X射线影像表现也呈现复杂多样性,骨组织X射线影像诊断为临床诊断治疗提供重要的辅助依据。结果与结论:人体组织结构存在密度和厚度差异的不同,X射线穿透人体时被吸收的量也不同,以致剩余的X射线量也不同,剩余的X射线经过成像介质的显像或计算机的重建过程,在X射线片上就能显示具有黑白对比、层次差异的X射线图像。X射线影像不仅应用于正常骨组织的研究,而且应用于骨组织的疾病诊断。

BACKGROUND： X-ray imaging diagnosis is the commonly used method for the clinical treatment of bone and joint system which has become the important part of clinical imaging diagnosis. OBJECTIVE： To multi-level explore and analyze the research literature on the application of X-ray image in the normal bone tissue and bone disease diagnosis. METHODS： A computer-based search was performed in CNKI database from 2002 to 2011 for the literatures on the application of X-ray image in the normal bone tissue and bone disease diagnosis, the were ＂bone tissue, hip joint, knee joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint＂. Bone and joint system was the body＇s load-bearing systems and motion systems with complex and diversify structure, so the bone tissue X-ray imaging performance also showed the complexity and diversity, and bone tissue X-ray imaging diagnosis provided important complementary evidence for the clinical diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Human organizational structure has different density and thickness. The absorbance volume of X-ray is different when penetrating the human body and the remaining amount is also different. The remaining X-ray can be displayed in the X-ray film with black and white contrast and level difference through the imaging of imaging medium or computer reconstruction process. X-ray imaging is not only used in the study of normal bone tissue, but also used in the diagnosis of bone disease.