务川臭蛙皮肤及指趾组织学特征

Histological Characteristics of Skin and Digital Discs of Odorrana wuchuanesis

务川臭蛙仅分布于贵州省务川县溶洞内,属极危物种。以牛蛙为对照,通过形态解剖学和组织学方法对务川臭蛙的皮肤和吸盘结构进行研究,结果显示,务川臭蛙头部背侧、后肢背侧以及躯干腹侧皮肤总厚度分别为372.50μm±29.7μm、453.25μm±13.9μm及237.92μm±31.8μm,各部分皮肤真皮层所占比例分别为(88.86±1.41)%、(90.65±0.81)%和(86.59±1.77)%,其中分布着大量的颗粒腺和粘液腺;前后肢每个指(趾)末端的吸盘,腹面有明显的柱状凸起表皮结构,其间有小孔和粘液腺,是务川臭蛙在溶洞壁上攀爬捕食的结构基础。务川臭蛙具有的特殊生理结构,是珍贵的遗传资源,应当加强科学保护。

Odorrana wuchuanensis is recognized as critically endangered （CR） species according to the China Species Red List, which lives in the karst cave of Wuchuan county, Guizhou province. The structure of skin and digital discs were inves- tigated by anatomical and histological methods. Compared with Lithobates catesbeiana, the absolute skin of 0. wuchuartensis was thinner but the dermis was much thicker. Abundant granular and mucous glands distributed in the dermis of skin in 0. wuchuanensis. Discs presented on the end of every fore and hind limb, which was used to climb up and down the wet slip wall of cave. On the ventral side of digital discs, special epidermis structure with columnar convex was observed. Further- more, many small pores and mucous glands were found in the special epidermis. It suggested that 0. wuchuanensis was worth of protection for its special physiological structure.